Temperature and Heat — Practice Quiz

A Physics cheat sheet for Temperature and Heat — every key formula with its symbols defined — plus a medium-level practice quiz to test recall.

Formulas & key concepts

Fahrenheit to Celsius: Converts Celsius temperature \(T_C\) to Fahrenheit \(T_F\).

$$T_F = \frac{9}{5}T_C + 32$$

Kelvin to Celsius: Converts Celsius temperature \(T_C\) to Kelvin \(T\).

$$T = T_C + 273.15$$

Linear Thermal Expansion: Change in length \(\Delta L\) due to temperature change \(\Delta T\).

$$\Delta L = \alpha L_0 \Delta T$$

Where: \(\alpha\) = coefficient of linear expansion

Volume Thermal Expansion: Change in volume \(\Delta V\) due to temperature change \(\Delta T\).

$$\Delta V = \beta V_0 \Delta T$$

Where: \(\beta\) = coefficient of volume expansion

Heat Supplied/Removed (Specific Heat): Heat \(Q\) required to change temperature of mass \(m\) by \(\Delta T\).

$$Q = cm\Delta T$$

Where: \(c\) = specific heat capacity

Heat Supplied/Removed (Latent Heat): Heat \(Q\) required for phase change of mass \(m\).

$$Q = mL$$

Where: \(L\) = latent heat

Practice quiz

  1. What is $68 \text{ } ^\circ\text{F}$ in Celsius?

    • $10 \text{ } ^\circ\text{C}$
    • $20 \text{ } ^\circ\text{C}$
    • $30 \text{ } ^\circ\text{C}$
    • $40 \text{ } ^\circ\text{C}$

    Answer: $20 \text{ } ^\circ\text{C}$

  2. Convert $25 \text{ } ^\circ\text{C}$ to Kelvin.

    • $248.15 \text{ K}$
    • $273.15 \text{ K}$
    • $298.15 \text{ K}$
    • $300.15 \text{ K}$

    Answer: $298.15 \text{ K}$

  3. A substance has a temperature of $104 \text{ } ^\circ\text{F}$. What is its temperature in Kelvin?

    • $313.15 \text{ K}$
    • $303.15 \text{ K}$
    • $323.15 \text{ K}$
    • $333.15 \text{ K}$

    Answer: $313.15 \text{ K}$

  4. A steel rod is $2.0 \text{ m}$ long at $20 \text{ } ^\circ\text{C}$. If its temperature increases to $70 \text{ } ^\circ\text{C}$, what is the change in its length? (Coefficient of linear expansion for steel is $1.1 \times 10^{-5} \text{ } ^\circ\text{C}^{-1}$)

    • $1.1 \times 10^{-4} \text{ m}$
    • $2.2 \times 10^{-4} \text{ m}$
    • $1.1 \times 10^{-3} \text{ m}$
    • $2.2 \times 10^{-3} \text{ m}$

    Answer: $1.1 \times 10^{-3} \text{ m}$

  5. An aluminum beam is $10.0 \text{ m}$ long at $0 \text{ } ^\circ\text{C}$. If its temperature rises to $50 \text{ } ^\circ\text{C}$, what is its new length? (Coefficient of linear expansion for aluminum is $2.3 \times 10^{-5} \text{ } ^\circ\text{C}^{-1}$)

    • $10.00115 \text{ m}$
    • $10.0115 \text{ m}$
    • $10.115 \text{ m}$
    • $10.0023 \text{ m}$

    Answer: $10.0115 \text{ m}$

  6. A $5.0 \text{ L}$ glass flask is filled with mercury at $20 \text{ } ^\circ\text{C}$. If the temperature increases to $70 \text{ } ^\circ\text{C}$, what is the change in volume of the mercury? (Coefficient of volume expansion for mercury is $1.8 \times 10^{-4} \text{ } ^\circ\text{C}^{-1}$)

    • $0.009 \text{ L}$
    • $0.018 \text{ L}$
    • $0.045 \text{ L}$
    • $0.090 \text{ L}$

    Answer: $0.045 \text{ L}$

  7. How much heat is required to raise the temperature of $0.5 \text{ kg}$ of water from $20 \text{ } ^\circ\text{C}$ to $80 \text{ } ^\circ\text{C}$? (Specific heat capacity of water is $4186 \text{ J/(kg} \cdot \text{ } ^\circ\text{C)}$)

    • $62790 \text{ J}$
    • $125580 \text{ J}$
    • $251160 \text{ J}$
    • $418600 \text{ J}$

    Answer: $125580 \text{ J}$

  8. A $2.0 \text{ kg}$ metal block absorbs $10000 \text{ J}$ of heat, and its temperature increases by $10 \text{ } ^\circ\text{C}$. What is the specific heat capacity of the metal?

    • $250 \text{ J/(kg} \cdot \text{ } ^\circ\text{C)}$
    • $500 \text{ J/(kg} \cdot \text{ } ^\circ\text{C)}$
    • $1000 \text{ J/(kg} \cdot \text{ } ^\circ\text{C)}$
    • $2000 \text{ J/(kg} \cdot \text{ } ^\circ\text{C)}$

    Answer: $500 \text{ J/(kg} \cdot \text{ } ^\circ\text{C)}$

  9. How much heat is required to completely melt $0.2 \text{ kg}$ of ice at $0 \text{ } ^\circ\text{C}$ into water at $0 \text{ } ^\circ\text{C}$? (Latent heat of fusion for ice is $3.34 \times 10^5 \text{ J/kg}$)

    • $33400 \text{ J}$
    • $66800 \text{ J}$
    • $133600 \text{ J}$
    • $167000 \text{ J}$

    Answer: $66800 \text{ J}$

  10. Calculate the total heat required to convert $0.1 \text{ kg}$ of ice at $0 \text{ } ^\circ\text{C}$ to water at $50 \text{ } ^\circ\text{C}$. (Latent heat of fusion for ice is $3.34 \times 10^5 \text{ J/kg}$, specific heat capacity of water is $4186 \text{ J/(kg} \cdot \text{ } ^\circ\text{C)}$)

    • $33400 \text{ J}$
    • $20930 \text{ J}$
    • $54330 \text{ J}$
    • $74330 \text{ J}$

    Answer: $54330 \text{ J}$

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